La relación de causalidad y la previsibilidad contractual en el CCCN / The Relation of Contractual Causality and Foreseeability in the CCCN
Keywords:
Relación de causalidad, Buena fe contractual, Causalidad adecuada, Previsibilidad contractual, Extensión del daño, Causal relationship, Contractual good faith, Legal predictability in contractual relations, Damage extentAbstract
Siendo la regla general en nuestro ordenamiento la indemnización plena -y por tanto, la atribución de las consecuencias inmediatas y mediatas- esta regla también rige en los contratos y en las otras fuentes obligacionales, salvo que la ley prevea otra distinta que agrave esa imputación (ej. posesión viciosa), o que la misma sea disminuida por acuerdo válido de voluntades. Es decir: se indemnizan todas las consecuencias previsibles en abstracto. Esa previsibilidad general podría verse corregida en los contratos paritarios, en los que las partes por sus conocimientos, información, profesionalidad, y experticia tienen un mayor grado de previsibilidad, con lo cual, la referencia al momento de la celebración efectuada por el art. 1728 del CCCN no resulta determinante para disminuir su responsabilidad más allá del piso que le brinda el sistema general.
Being the general rule in our legal system, total damage compensation- and therefore, the vesting of direct and indirect consequential damage is applied to contracts and other legal sources, unless the law provides a different imputation that aggravates the attribution of consequences (ex. vicious possession), or that it is diminished by a valid agreement of wills. In other words, all foreseeable consequences under abstract consideration, are compensated. This general foreseeability could be modified in parity contracts where the parties have similar negotiating leverage, in which the parties may have a higher capacity of prevision because of their knowledge, information, professionalism or expertise, thus, the reference at the time of the celebration of the contract by art. 1728 of the CCCN is not decisive to reduce its liability beyond the minimum stated by the general system.
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